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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*gedface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"back, afterface="Times New Roman Star"ñçàäè, ïîçàäèface="Times New Roman Star"kedin (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ked|in (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"kijin (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"kejinface="Times New Roman Star"kejin, ka"jin


face="Times New Roman Star"kizi>nface="Times New Roman Star"ka"zinface="Times New Roman Star"kijin
face="Times New Roman Star"kajface="Times New Roman Star"ke-lin; ketex 'back of head'face="Times New Roman Star"ke-lin; ketek 'back of head'

face="Times New Roman Star"kijinface="Times New Roman Star"kejin




face="Times New Roman Star"kejin

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 704, VEWT 246-247, ÝÑÒß 5, 23-24, Stachowski 144, 146. Forms like Yak. ketex 'back of head' clearly show that the root was *ged-; the monosyllabic *ge- (observable in Yak. ke-lin and perhaps Chuv. kaj) is most probably a result of secondary reinterpretation of the stems *gedin and *geru" (the latter < PA *ke\ro q. v.). It is exactly this reinterpretation that allows to reconstruct *g- in PT *ged- (the root is not attested in Oghuz languages).
face="Times New Roman Star"*da:j-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"uncleface="Times New Roman Star"äÿäÿface="Times New Roman Star"tag|aj 'maternal uncle' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tag|aj 'maternal uncle' (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dajy
face="Times New Roman Star"tag|aji 'maternal uncle' (Sangl., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"to|g|aface="Times New Roman Star"tag|aface="Times New Roman Star"tag|yjface="Times New Roman Star"dajyface="Times New Roman Star"da:jyface="Times New Roman Star"taj, tajy, ta:jface="Times New Roman Star"tajyface="Times New Roman Star"ta:j, taj

face="Times New Roman Star"ta:j
face="Times New Roman Star"da:j
face="Times New Roman Star"taj, tag|aface="Times New Roman Star"tag|a (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"dajy
face="Times New Roman Star"dajyface="Times New Roman Star" VEWT 455-456, TMN 3, 196, EDT 474, ÝÑÒß 3, 127-129, Ëåêñèêà 296. Some forms go back to a suffixed *da:ja-kaj.
face="Times New Roman Star"*job-
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to overwhelm with kindness 2 collective workface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðîÿâèòü äîáðîòó 2 ïî/ìî÷ü
face="Times New Roman Star"jov-, jovsa- 1, jo"vtu"r- (caus.) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jo:rum 'âîñïèòàíèå'





face="Times New Roman Star"jovar 2

face="Times New Roman Star"? d'o":z?o 'èìóùåñòâî'

face="Times New Roman Star"sobolon| 'payment for work'












face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 871, 873, 880
face="Times New Roman Star"*jarynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"shoulder, shoulderbladeface="Times New Roman Star"ïëå÷î, ëîïàòêàface="Times New Roman Star"jaryn (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn (MK)




face="Times New Roman Star"jaryn

face="Times New Roman Star"c?arynface="Times New Roman Star"c?arynface="Times New Roman Star"jaryn, d/aryn
face="Times New Roman Star"s/orúmface="Times New Roman Star"sarynface="Times New Roman Star"saryn, sannyface="Times New Roman Star"c?aryn










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 970, ÝÑÒß 4, 66, Ëåêñèêà 242, Äûáî 139-141, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 142, Stachowski 209. Forms going back to *jagryn are due to a merger with *jagyr (v. sub *dagV).
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"desolate, uninhabitedface="Times New Roman Star"ïóñòûííûé, íåîáèòàåìûéface="Times New Roman Star"o"n| (Orkh., OUygh.)




face="Times New Roman Star"on|c?e| 'îäèíîêèé, óåäèíåííûé'





















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 168.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jylgunface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"tamariskface="Times New Roman Star"òàìàðèñê
face="Times New Roman Star"jylg|un (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ylg|yn
face="Times New Roman Star"jylg|yn (Houts.), julg|un (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"julg|unface="Times New Roman Star"z?ulg|unface="Times New Roman Star"julg|um, jolg|amface="Times New Roman Star"julg|unface="Times New Roman Star"jylg|un, jylg|yn








face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ylg|yn, z?|ylg|amface="Times New Roman Star"z?yn|g|yl




face="Times New Roman Star"z?yn|g|yl

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 165, 200, EDT 926, ÝÑÒß 4, 277-278, Ëåêñèêà 134. Kaz. > Russ. dial. dz?engil', see Àíèêèí 183-184.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tokface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 hummel 2 base of a horn 3 with a shaved headface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîìîëûé 2 îñíîâàíèå ðîãà 3 áðèòîãîëîâûé
face="Times New Roman Star"toq 3 (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"toqal (R) 1face="Times New Roman Star"to.qo|l 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1





face="Times New Roman Star"? toq 'Gipfel, Spitze'


face="Times New Roman Star"toqpaq 'êóöûé' (õâîñò), doqpaq 'êîðíîóõèé'face="Times New Roman Star"? to'q 'êðóïíûé î øàðîîáðàçíîì'face="Times New Roman Star"toqol 1face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"toqal, toqalaq 1, 3face="Times New Roman Star"tuqal 1face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1
face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 'ñ òóïûì êîíöîì'face="Times New Roman Star"toqal 1

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, 486 (but not < Mong., despite Ra"sa"nen); EDT 464.
face="Times New Roman Star"*del-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to bore through 2 to cut 3 to openface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðîäûðÿâëèâàòü 2 ðåçàòüface="Times New Roman Star"tel- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tel- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"del- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tel- 1 (Sangl., Abush.)

face="Times New Roman Star"telyk 'opening'face="Times New Roman Star"da"l- 2





face="Times New Roman Star"tel- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"del- 1




face="Times New Roman Star"del- 1face="Times New Roman Star"del- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 471, EDT 490, ÝÑÒß 3, 185-186, TMN 2, 657.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jorukanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 badger 2 suslikface="Times New Roman Star"1 áàðñóê 2 ñóñëèê









face="Times New Roman Star"c?oraxa (R)
face="Times New Roman Star"joroqon (R)















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 207. Turk. > WMong. z?|orug|an, z?|oruqan, Kalm. zorg|@n, zorx@n (KW 476).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jabryface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"young of birds and animalsface="Times New Roman Star"äåòåíûø ïòèö è æèâîòíûõ

face="Times New Roman Star"javru, javry
face="Times New Roman Star"javry (Ettuhf.)








face="Times New Roman Star"s/úw|vúw|r, s/urú








face="Times New Roman Star"javru



face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 176, ÝÑÒß 4, 53, Ëåêñèêà 168-169, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 140-141, TMN 4, 220.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jamface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 piece of dust 2 litter floating on the surface of waterface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñîðèíêà 2 ìóñîð, ïëàâàþùèé ïî âîäå
face="Times New Roman Star"jam (MK) 1














face="Times New Roman Star"c?am 2










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 205.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to hateface="Times New Roman Star"íåíàâèäåòü, ïèòàòü îòâðàùåíèåface="Times New Roman Star"jer- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jer- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jer-
face="Times New Roman Star"jer- (AH)


face="Times New Roman Star"jer-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-

face="Times New Roman Star"jeri-

face="Times New Roman Star"sir-


face="Times New Roman Star"z?|eri-face="Times New Roman Star"z?er-




face="Times New Roman Star"z?eri-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 955, ÝÑÒß 4, 193, VEWT 198. Yakut shows that the Turkm. length is secondary (i:r- = jir-).
face="Times New Roman Star"*i:gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"illness, deceaseface="Times New Roman Star"áîëåçíüface="Times New Roman Star"ig (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ig (MK, KB, Tefs.)face="Times New Roman Star"ig|z?|il
face="Times New Roman Star"ig (Sangl., Houts.)



face="Times New Roman Star"i:gli 'rickety'



face="Times New Roman Star"júx 'leprosy, scrofula'













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 98-99, Åãîðîâ 76-77, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 189, Ìóäðàê 73, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 157, VEWT 169.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kat-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to heat (oven) 2 (fire) steel 3 to bakeface="Times New Roman Star"1 òîïèòü ïå÷ü 2 îãíèâî 3 ïå÷ü













face="Times New Roman Star"xot- 1face="Times New Roman Star"xatat 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qatyr- 3








face="Times New Roman Star"Àøì. XVI, 256, ÝÑÒß 5, 335 (connected with *kat- 'dry', but in fact a different root because of the Chuvash form). However, if Mari oltas? 'heat' is from Bulg., the original form could be *Kal-t- and should be removed from the etymology (cf. Ôåäîòîâ 2, 372).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEn|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"frazilface="Times New Roman Star"øóãà, íàëåäü









face="Times New Roman Star"nen|
face="Times New Roman Star"n/en| (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"c?en|










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 197 (if not < unattested South.-Sam.?)
face="Times New Roman Star"*ukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"kin, tribeface="Times New Roman Star"ðîä, ïëåìÿface="Times New Roman Star"uq ? oq 'kin, tribe'face="Times New Roman Star"uq ? oq (MK) 'share of inheritance'









face="Times New Roman Star"uq
face="Times New Roman Star"júw|x

face="Times New Roman Star"uq

face="Times New Roman Star"u>q (dial.)







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, ÝÑÒß 1, 582-583, Åãîðîâ 76. The OT words are sometimes erroneously united with *ok 'arrow' (thus in EDT 76).
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)o"mface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"trousersface="Times New Roman Star"áðþêè, øòàíûface="Times New Roman Star"u"m (OUygh.) (=o"m)face="Times New Roman Star"o"m (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"im (Osm.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ym (Kypch. Houts.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ym, jym, ju"m




face="Times New Roman Star"e:^.mface="Times New Roman Star"j@w|m













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 155, VEWT 520-521, Åãîðîâ 78, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 195, Ìóäðàê 119, Ëåêñèêà 478.
face="Times New Roman Star"*yn|yra-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to neigh 2 to bellow, purrface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðæàòü 2 ðåâåòü, âèçæàòü, ìóðëûêàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"yn|ra- (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"yn|ra-



face="Times New Roman Star"@n@r- 2face="Times New Roman Star"yn|yran- 1





face="Times New Roman Star"yn|yran- 1





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 658, Åãîðîâ 65, Ìóäðàê 73.
face="Times New Roman Star"*i:r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"shame, be ashamed, frighten awayface="Times New Roman Star"ñòûä, ñòûäèòüñÿ, îòïóãèâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"ir-, iril- (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"i:r-face="Times New Roman Star"ir@k- 'to languish, be bored'


face="Times New Roman Star"j@r@n-face="Times New Roman Star"i:r- 'to rave, become crazy'












face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 192, VEWT 173, (incorrect in) Åãîðîâ 80.
face="Times New Roman Star"*itelgu"
face="Times New Roman Star"a bird of preyface="Times New Roman Star"õèùíàÿ ïòèöà

face="Times New Roman Star"o"tla"gu"

face="Times New Roman Star"ita"lgu"


face="Times New Roman Star"itelgi


















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 175. Turk. > Kalm. itl.g|@ (KW 211). [rather < Mong.]
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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